Cognitive Psychology and Modern Policing Essays -- Psychology Criminal

The intention of this essay is to explore the area surrounding how cognitive psychology has affected or disaffected policing practices and the positive degree or negative outcomes of it. To do this, a deeper understanding of the cost cognitive and psychology, along with their interactive relationship had to be expounded.The scope of cognitive psychology is capacious in relation to the public and police, particularly due to the fact that it is an individual process with many external mitigating factors. Therefore I have attempted to peg the field and concentrate on a couple of specific examples of the use of cognitive psychology, while attempting to explain the theories behind the processes. What is psychology? In basic terms it is simply the study of the mind, but that very general description has a much wider application as the psychology of today differs from that of two centuries ago.Psychology as a discipline dates back to the nineteenth century when a philosopher named Willi am Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at a German university. What Wundt and his co-workers attempted to do was to investigate the mind through introspection, which was observing and analysing the structure of the subjects conscious mental processes, (Thoughts, images and feelings), under controlled conditions. Todays psychology has dramatically changed and is now focused on how ones behaviour changes as a result of experience.Cognitive means to learn, to observe, to experience. When applied to psychology it is further broken down into how that particular learning observations and experience directs a persons development. Factors such as physical, emotional, educational and behavioural cognitive (copycat learning) are influenced by parents... ...orary Psychology (Dec 2001) APA review of Books Volume 46, No 6Gleitman (1992)Basic Psychology (third edition) WW Norton & CoHarrison, P. (1983) Inside the inward City Penguin BooksHollin. C, Koppen. P, Penrod. S (2003) Psy chology, Crime and Law (journal) Volume 9, No 2 Brunner RoutledgeKing. R, Winchup. E, (2000)Doing Research on Crime and Justice Oxford University PressMcLaughlin and Muncie (2001)The acute Dictionary of Criminology Sage PublicationsMaguire. M, Morgan. R, Reiner. R (1994)Oxford Handbook of Criminology Oxford Press Roger, Hopkins, Burke (1998)Zero Tolerance Policing Perpetuity PressRose, D (1992)A Climate of Fear Bloomsbury PressS.E.G. Lea (1984)Instinct, milieu and Behaviour New essential PsychologyTalor, Peplau, Sears (1994)Social Psychology (eighth edition) Prentice-Hall

Pillars of Salt, A Woman of Five Seasons and A Balcony over the Fakihani :: Arab Women Culture Essays

Pillars of coarseness, A Woman of Five Seasons and A Balcony over the FakihaniWorks Cited MissingThe most latent component of the three novels Pillars of Salt, A Woman of Five Seasons, and A Balcony over the Fakihani is the struggle of all the women in them. Theirs is a struggle at all levels, a struggle from the commercial enterprise of their land and war, a struggle from the occupation of their bodies or what could be considered a war against their bodies, and a sexual, and a power struggle. The women in these novels survive a press out that is almost impossible to win. They do non even posses their bodies. Some are given away in marriage, but even if they are not, their bodies serve the nominate of giving lineage to their husbands. If they are incapable they are deemed as defective and possibly discarded. Their entire beings serve as trophies in their husbands make of successes, not just a show of their virility, through lineage, but also a show of their ability to manage th eir possessions . Their bodies can only be enjoyed by the man they marry. If they are not pure by the time of marriage they are deemed dishonorable and not marriageable. Virginity has to be proved to safeguard the brides family honor, not the grooms. The women of these novels are there only in relationship to their men. They compliment them. It is only during war that the couples become more equal helping each different to survive the larger monster. Then the women are in control, in possession of themselves and in a team with their husbands. But war only brings destruction, and most of the women set aside up alone having to bring up the next generation on their own.The subjugation of the women begins with their education which for the most part comes from their mothers and their family. The general consensus is that women, girls, are lower than boys, heedless of their traits. Even those who are overall considered good mothers perpetuate this image to their daughters What do you expect? He is a boy. Allah placed him a step higher. We must deal Allahs verdict, said Mahas mother condoning her brother Daffashs bad behavior. (Faqir 33) The training of little girls to understand their position under men begins when they are small, in their families. The fact that he is a boy gives him an innate position above all women.

Laurel Ulrichs A Midwifes Tale Essay -- Laurel Ulrich Midwife Tale E

Laurel Ulrichs A Midwifes TaleBefore I watched A Midwifes Tale, a movie created from the diary found by Laurel Ulrich chronicling the life of a woman named Martha Ballard, I thinking the women in these times were just housewives and nothing else. I pictured them doing the cleaning and the cooking for their husbands and not being very smart because of the lack of education or them being unable to work. My view on the discipline changed however when I watched this specific womans life and her work.To know that there was a woman such as Martha back in those days is very interest to me because I especially did not think there were women who were as brave and independent as she was. The lives of women in general, not just in Martha?s case, were active and at sometimes hard during these times. They had to do an array of things from keeping the house under control and raising sometimes several children to working on a farm and spinning. Sometimes, some women would even work to make a sec ond living for the family, as in Martha?s case. And even though the women were able to work, they inactive did not hold as much power as men did, which is still evident today. And if the women were recognized as much as they should be I?m sure we wouldn?t need a completely different subject for Women?s Hi fib because they would cover it in the regular history classes, kinda of the subject consisting of 99.9% males. Martha?s day was a pretty long one and consisted of many jobs to do, anything from cleaning the house to delivering a baby. The fact that she never lost a mother during any of the childbirths is astonishing in itself since it was the number one cause of death in women. Among those jobs she also spun, raised her children, worked on her farm, and treated illnesses, coming up with her own remedies. For voice when Parthenia was sick and she had her drink the last milk from the cow in hopes of her besotting better which unfortunately she wasn?t able to make her get better and Parthenia died. Martha?s own children however all lived into their adulthood which was also a very rare thing to add to her list of unique facts.Although Martha did take in different jobs to do, her real job was being a midwife. She got paid high for a woman at this time and she was a well respected soul in the town. This job was the most demanding and it?s not like... ...because I probably would have if my kid took over my house and I lose my husband. When Martha Ballard died, she was definitely missed and even though her diary sat in the back stacks of a library for a very long time because authors thought it was useless, her story was told and it was a good one at that. It wouldn?t be a surprise to me if her story has inspired women and I know it has definitely educated raft about women?s lives at this time. It?s just a shame that more women?s stories from this time will never be told. I?ve erudite from Martha Ballard?s story that she must have been a very good, decent, and smart woman and I would have loved to have met her. She is a good example of what some women were like back then and it?s good to see that not all of them were powerless housewives as some people think and how I, myself, thought before I saw this movie. I saw her struggle and her get through the hard times. The things she had to live through throughout her life were astonishing and I?m really glad I got to see this woman?s work. I realized how easy we have it now and how women like Martha paved the track for us and we have to appreciate them for what they?ve done.

All the Pretty Horses Essay -- essays papers

All the Pretty Horses John Grady Cole, the last in a long line of west Texas ranchers, is, at sixteen, poised on the sorrowful, painful edge of manhood. When he realizes the only life he has ever known is fade into the past and that cowboys are as doomed as the Comanche who came before them, he leaves on a dangerous and harrowing journey into the beautiful and utterly contradictory world that is Mexico. In the guise of a classic Western, All the Pretty Horses is at its heart a lyrical and elegiac coming-of-age story ab off love, friendship, and faithfulness that will leave John Grady, and the reader, changed forever. When his mother decides to sell the cattle ranch he has grown up working, John Grady Cole and his friend Lacey Rawlins set out on horseback for Mexico, a land free of the fences and highways that have begun to invade west Texas, a land where the boys are not able to read the run across in a mans eye. As they approach the Rio Grande, they are joined by the youthfu l and mysterious Jimmy Blevins, whose fine horse, hot-blooded temper, and talent with a side arm are as certain...

The Link Between Height and Personal Success :: Biology Essays Research Papers

The Link Between Height and Personal SuccessYour height wont influence what you crystallize as ofttimes as your race or gender, but it may well be significant. In Britain and America, the tallest quarter of the population earns 10% to a greater extent than the shortest quarter. A white American man averages a 1.8% higher income than his counterpart an inch shorter (1). Economics is not the only area in which taller people win knocked out(p) of the USs 42 presidents, only eight have been below average height for the time. Most have been significantly taller than the average for white handsome males of their eras (2). Tall work force are also more likely to be married and have children (3). Outside of normal height differences, people with growth deficiency are much more aware of the role height plays in their lives. A study done through a growth clinic showed that children with growth deficiency are more likely to have social problems. The problems included lower social competance , increased behavior problems, and low self-esteem. Another study found lower rates of physical exercise and marriage when children with growth deficiency grew up (4). One theory of why tall people are more successful is that there is stigma attatched to height, and thusly short people are seen as easier to dominate (2). Another theory is that evolutionarily, tall people had an advantage in hunting and such and were thus associated with coercive traits (5). Perhaps we still retain this association unconciously. The third theory is that taller people have a better-self image, and this increased confidence makes them more successful (2). A performer that may influence both earnings and height is ones family background. Shorter men tend to come from bigger families with parents who have less education than those of taller men. This shorter height may be a factor of poor childhood nutrition, and parents with less education are more likely to have children who also receive less educa tion and thence earn less. Family background is not the only influence, though, as shorter men still earn less than taller men from the same background (2).Effects that appear to root from ones adult height, though, may have a different cause entirely. Participants in one study were asked to report their heights at ages 7,11, 16, and 23. The height that affected ones adult earnings, it turned out, was not the adult height but the 16-year-old height.

The Young Offenders Act, A Continuing Debate :: essays research papers fc

The Young Offenders representA Continuing DebateThere is no question in society as to whether or not young person throng are committing crime. In fact, since "1986 to 1998 violent crime committed by youth jumped approximately one hundred twenty%." The Young Offenders round is a heated debate in todays society, and one of the most controversial Acts in Canadian history since it was introduced in 1984. Some people think a complete overhaul is needed, others think minor changes would suffice, still others feel it is best left alone. Youth crime is a tough issue, with many differing opinions. Punishment and rehabilitation, one, the other, or both, all topics of debate within society. If you were to discuss the issues with the parents of a victim, it would be understandable that their opinions would differ greatly than those of the parents of the offender. Many people have formed an opinion without an in depth look at the act. Others simply do not care. The question that nee ds to be answered is, does the Young Offenders Act in Canada properly address the victims rights, the rights and needs of the young offender, and does it protect public safety? That question is hard to answer, as some people think that the Act is a more decent and humane way to approach young persons in trouble with the law. On the other hand others feel it offers too a great deal protection to those whom least deserve it -- the young offenders, and very little to those who deserve it -- the victims. I think the Young Offenders Act should concentrate on making young offenders aware that they will be held responsible and accountable for their behaviour.     To begin, it must be understood that the Young Offenders Act is a replacement piece of legislature for the superannuated modern Delinquents Act. The Juvenile Delinquents act was enacted in 1908, and was replaced by the Young offenders Act on April 2, 1984. The Juvenile Delinquents Act was a part of legislatu re that focused in the main on parental and social welfare of the child. It dealt with children as young as seven years of age regarding not only criminal behaviour entirely also sexual immortality. The Juvenile Delinquents Act allowed for many different courses of action for any child that was found to have delinquent behaviour. Placements in an industrial tame for an indefinite period of time, committed to the childrens aid society, or placed in a foster home were all available options under the Juvenile Delinquents Act.

The Young Offenders Act, A Continuing Debate :: essays research papers fc

The Young Offenders ActA Continuing DebateThere is no question in society as to whether or not young people are committing crime. In f snatch, since "1986 to 1998 violent crime affiliated by youth jumped approximately 120%." The Young Offenders Act is a heated debate in todays society, and one of the most controversial Acts in Canadian history since it was introduced in 1984. Some people conceptualize a complete overhaul is needed, others think minor changes would suffice, still others feel it is best left alone. Youth crime is a tough issue, with many differing imprints. penalisation and rehabilitation, one, the other, or both, all topics of debate within society. If you were to discuss the issues with the parents of a victim, it would be understandable that their opinions would differ greatly than those of the parents of the offender. Many people have formed an opinion without an in depth look at the act. Others simply do not care. The question that needs to be answere d is, does the Young Offenders Act in Canada properly breed the victims rights, the rights and needs of the young offender, and does it protect public safety? That question is hard to answer, as some people think that the Act is a more graceful and humane way to approach young persons in trouble with the law. On the other hand others feel it offers too much protection to those whom least be it -- the young offenders, and very little to those who deserve it -- the victims. I think the Young Offenders Act should concentrate on making young offenders aware that they will be held responsible and accountable for their behaviour.     To begin, it must be understood that the Young Offenders Act is a replacement piece of legislature for the outdated puerile Delinquents Act. The Juvenile Delinquents act was enacted in 1908, and was replaced by the Young offenders Act on April 2, 1984. The Juvenile Delinquents Act was a part of legislature that focused mainly on parent al and societal welfare of the child. It dealt with children as young as seven years of age regarding not only criminal behaviour but also sexual immortality. The Juvenile Delinquents Act allowed for many different courses of action for any child that was found to have delinquent behaviour. Placements in an industrial school for an indefinite period of time, committed to the childrens aid society, or placed in a foster home were all available options under the Juvenile Delinquents Act.

Being an Insider

In my starting line of each paper, I wrote about being an outsider. It was hard for me to come to America, non speaking English as my first language, and attending a private Christian school where I did non always understand important things. Now, I would like to report a period when I was no longer an outsider, but actually an insider.When I first came to the U. S. , I was non authorized when I would ever sapidity like I belonged. It wasnt that I disliked my new home, it was that I could not understand what was being utter nearly me. As I said in my previous paper, it was truly difficult and I provided hoped that summertime camp would be a different experience for me.The first day of summer camp, I remember being quite nervous. Not just was I deprivation to a new place, but I was leaving the friends that I had make in high-school for a summer. When I had struggled so much to tick off in, it was hard to leave foreign place that had become familiar only to come to an other(prenominal) foreign place summer camp. Part of me notion it might be like high school. Maybe I would be the only foreign whizz there and maybe I would drive trouble understanding what peck were saying. Maybe it would be hard for me to connect with people. I did not manage what to expect. The first day that I was in nearly confirmed all of my fears.The couselor spoke quick English. I groaned inwardly to myself, because I could see my high-school experience happening all over again. I was not sure how I would survive an entire summer of summer camp if it was the same as high-school. I went throughout my first day floating from activity to activity, still unsure if this was going to work out for me. I missed my family and my friends from home so much that it hurt. Never in my dreams, could I become known that nearly every cardinal else there was missing his or her family and friends, just like I was. They, however, had the advantage of speaking fluent English.It was when I was base on balls back to my mooring at the end of my last activity that something amazing happened for me. Tossing a itty-bitty pebble in front of me, I was not paying assist to what was going on around me. I tossed the pebble up, hit it with my knee and then kicked it out and hit a nearby tree. One squirrel came scampering out of the tree as though I had been aiming the pebble at him. Wow. That was pretty good Are you as good with a ball? This guy with crazy hair asked me. I just st ard at him. I understood what he was asking, but I was just surprised that he was talking to me.I played basketball at home, I said. It was something that my family loved to do together. You should play for one of our camp basketball police squads, he said. Me? I asked. I still just could not believe what was happening. Basketball was something that I definitely knew something about. On top of that, I could make new friends. It was perfect He told me where they were collision and the time. I wa s so excited that I went back to the bunk and searched for my good sneakers. I called home and told my family what had happened to me that day. I definitely sounded chipper than I had when they dropped me off at the camp.The near day, when I walked to the basketball court, I was a little intimidated by how good these people were. Guys and girls alike were handling the basketball ball like they were Michael Jordan. I ran over and began playing with them. They did not make a big deal about my being there. With basketball, it does not matter who you ar or where you be from. In basketball, it matters how you play the game. One thing I was cocksure with was that I could play basketball and play it well. A basketball had been in my hands since I could remember. That is just how it was in my family.While fishing is something that some Ameri apprize families deposit over, basketball is what my family bonded over. Hey, waved Juan, the guy with the wild hair that I had seen yesterday. Yo u know something? You are good It did not take long for me to learn that he was the team captain. He was really good and had great ideas. I smiled and shrugged. It was nice to be told that by somebody who was probably just as good. Throughout the remainder of the game, I unplowed getting pats on the back and cheers from people I did not know who were sitting on the side of the court. It really felt good to finally fit in with people.You play basketball at home, yes? asked this girl who had a thick accent. I was no longer the foreign kid. I was among m either different kinds of people who enjoyed the same game as I did. We continued to play basketball once or twice a week for official practice out front we were going to compete with another camp team. We joked about practicing those two days, but in reality, we always ended up gravitating towards the basketball court when we did not have to practice. When we were not playing basketball, we were all going over to someones cabin an d watched a game. It was just in our blood.It was like a hunger that could not be met. During my activities, I thought about my teammates. I drew basketballs all over my notebook for my activities and thought about different moves that I should try during the next practice. Juan was okay with teammates coming up with ideas. He was not a captain who had to have all of the power. That made us all respect him more. Just subtle that I had a great new group of friends who all enjoyed a sport that I love made school that much easier and bearable. I was overly beginning to learn more English by being around them. Especially their slang.Phrases like that is wiggin me out, and for real, slipped out of my mouth as naturally as if I had grown up saying them. The more we played basketball, the more they acknowledged my skill. I did not understand all of the rules in English, but the other teammates took the time to explain a lot to me and we also had access to the camps comput optioner lounge so that we could seek basketball online. Once I researched the rules, I found a lot of online information about basketball that I thought might help me perfect my skill. Juan and the other teammates would need me at my top hat for our upcoming competition against another intramural team.It was going to be my first time competing with people that were not family members since I had been in the states. When I told my teammates about the research I was doing, they were very enthusiastic. We huddled around one computer, researching things from different plays to the history of basketball. It was amazing that we were researching something not because we had to do it for a class, but because we actually wanted to exclusively to gain more knowledge on the subject. Some of the terms were hard to learn, but websites like www. basketball. com/nba/rules/rule4. shtml, helped me understand.To dribble, is to bounce the ball with one hand without letting it geological period bouncing from tha t spot on the floor. A block is when one player makes illegal personal contact with another player on the opposite team and interferes with the players move. A free throw is when one player from a team is allowed to make an attempt at a basket without any interference with players on the opposing team. The player must act within ten seconds. There are many more terms that I erudite while researching that really made me understand how to communicate with my teammates, or understand when they were communicating something to me.We learned a lot about our game that day that we thought would help us that much more win the basket on the game day. We kept practicing until the game that we had done so much preparation for was only a week away. We could not win it without you, said Juan to me. I could not help but grin. These people were really my friends. Home, though it still seemed far away, was not as present in my mind as it had been before. It was at the practice before the game that I thought my whole new experience was going to be ruined. We were practicing, like always. It had just rained earlier that morning, but the pavement was still a little damp.We did not want to cancel the practice, because we wanted to get in as much practice as possible. I had the ball and was so close to the basket. Leo was next to me, getting closer and closer. As he put his foot out to get the ball, my sneaker slipped and made me fall awkwardly onto the court. When I fell to the ground, I heard a pop. It was my ankle and I knew it. afterwards I went to the camp clinic, I was relieved that it was only badly sprained and not broken. I was heartbroken, however, that I could not play at the game. You know what, come to the game, anyway. If we cant have you on the court, we can sure use your support, said Juan.The team was disappointed, though. I felt like I had let them down, but they did not see it that way. They said that in my practicing with them and researching with them, they learned a lot about the sport that they love so much and that what they learned could actually help them have an advantage over their opponents. They said I was still going to be the reason that they were going to win. That made me feel much better and it assured me that I was still going to be an insider. They were not going to turn their backs on me just because of my injury. Later, I asked Juan if he thought anyone would blame me if the team did not win.He told me that if I wanted to, I could blame Leo. I was surprised he said that. Blaming does not help anything. It wont heal your ankle and it wont make us win the game. Stuff just happens. We definitely want you to play as soon as that ankle heals. I would look anterior to putting my basketball sneakers on again. Until then, I knew I had to be content in just cheering for my friends. The game day came and I sat on the bleachers with my ankle tightly wrapped and propped up high. I have to admit that I was disappointed and a lit tle jealous when my friends dribbled the orange ball around on the court.I felt bad, but only until the first basket was scored. It was the first of many scores. Basket after basket lead to a big victory. We had one the camp competition As we celebrated that night over Coke floats and pizza, I was reminded of a quote that I had obtained while working a discover for school. It was something that Mia Hamm had once said that captivated me and still remains with me this day I am a member of a team, and I rely on the team, I defer to it and sacrifice for it, because the team, not the individual, is the ultimate champion. Though the team considered me a champion and at first, I wanted to be, to be included, but I know something from that game. I was never an outsider, really. All mankind, no matter what creed or color, are a part of the human race that laughs and cries and works and plays. I learned from my basketball summer camp experience that I was certainly not the only one who was homesick. We were just all missing the homes that we knew. People are not as different as we think. There are different situations and circumstances and cultures, but we are all people. That, I learned, makes us all insiders. There are insiders and outsiders everywhere.Organizations even have them. It is a problem that can split an organization. Outsiders can be due to language barrier, status in business, or disagreements among employees. According to Forbes. com, In high-conflict climates, 50% of employees say they get less done while fuming, 46% thought about quitting and 37% became less committed to their work. It is proven that when several outsiders are not happy in the business, it affects their work. Think about it If employees are stewing over something a co-worker did or about the promotion they didnt get, chances are theyre not getting their work accomplishedat least not well.Rather than dealing with more revenue-producing matters, managers report theyre spending 30% of their time dealing with conflict, according to John Ford, founder of John Ford & Associates, a workplace conflict management firm in California. Resolving those issues quickly saves time and notes and boosts employee retention rates, said Forbes. com. To make employees feel included and help them to get along with one another without having anyone left out, I have made a list of things that I believe are necessary to accomplish the unity goal. 1.Allow all employees to anonymously report when there is an office bully or problem. This helps them know that they do not have to simply put up with what they are going through. 2. Allow all employees a voice. Let them make suggestions and do not forget to give credit where it is due. If a more timid employee comes up with a great idea, then giving him the credit for it can make the other employees respect him more. 3. If there is a language barrier, it would be beneficial to have at least one person who can translate. That would help ease confusion. 4. come sure that all employees are treated equally. No matter what position they are in. 5. Appreciate all employees. 6. Do not place blame in the workplace. If something goes equipment casualty, it went wrong and blaming will not help matters. Allow the person who made the mistake to right it by coming up with a quick, successful plan. 7. Videotaping a meeting could also be a good idea. This way, reviewing who seems to not be participating is easier. Then speak with the one who is not participating and discover and fix the problem. 8. Make sure that employees are trained well enough for their position.If they know what they are doing, they will feel more confident and may participate more. This also decreases the way out of mistakes made. 9. Refer to the staff as a team. This automatically suggests unity. 10. Have a coach come in and give important lectures about teams. This could even be an annual reminder that the staff is a team. After the meeting, find out if th ere is anything that could be hindering the unity. From both of my experiences, being an insider and outsider, I think that it is very important that everyone feel like an insider particularly in an organization.I hope that if people do feel left out, as I did in the beginning of my full point in the United States, that they will tell someone. Communication is the best remedy. Works Cited Hamm, Mia. Mia Hamm Quotes. Thinkexist. 2006. 29 Nov. 2006 . NBA Rules. Basketball. 2002. 29 Nov. 2006 . Weiss, Tara. Cant We All Just Get Along? Forbes. 2006. 29 Nov. 2006 .

Internship Experience for an ESL Teacher Essay

As a overseas student with a degree in Informatics and Library and currently pursuing a overcomes degree at the University of public address system in Adult and Community Education course, I have a vision of thatched roofing English as a second style in Saudi Arabia. To this effect, I have been on an internship project at the Communications Media department at the same university mingled with January and March this year. The main purpose for the internship was to give me an exposure to the kind of environment I pass on find myself working in as an ESL teacher.ESL is a production line that is offered to people who wish to construe English as a second language. Thesis Statement For my internship, I was attached at the Communication Department at the University of Pennsylvania where my duties included but were but not limited to coordinating activities amidst students taking English as a Second Language (ESL) and converse partners at the Ameri female genitals Language Institu te. Also in the line of my duty was the task of overseeing how the devil groups have been progressing together.The internship was time intimately spent and it played a very important role in familiarising me with the classroom set up at an ESL teaching centre. I also had the luck to retard lots about the job and what it entails as well as the kind of challenges that I may image in the course of my career. Taking my internship course at University of Pennsylvania was the most convenient choice that I made. The communications Media Department where I was attached is right on the campus and I was therefore adequate to(p) to operate from my domicile without any hustles of commuting from one place to another.It was also convenient in that I was able to coordinate between my classes at the Adult Community Program centre and the training on the internship. The convenience made life a little to a majusculeer extent comfortable for me because of reduced costs of transport. The interns hip kept me in unassailable relations with the law because being in one place helped me avoid any instances of breaking immigration rules set for foreign students. The convenience of having all my activities concentrate on Campus has played well in helping me to develop my genial skills.This is because it has been easy to have extra interaction with some of the students when the hazard allowed and as a teacher, this was very helpful in that I could closely get to know more(prenominal) about the challenges that ESL students governing body in their social life as foreign students. Since we were all from different social backgrounds, the interaction helped to improve my social relations with others considering the diversity of culture represented in the ESL class. A close bond between teacher and student is very important as it helps students to learn better and also helps the teacher to improve their skills.Knowing students a little bit more beyond the classroom set up is very i mportant for teacher-student relations. Interaction with the volunteers from the Ameri flush toilet Language Institute helped me learn more about Ameri cornerstone society. With these two groups, I was able to share my challenges as a foreign student in America and also listen to theirs and suggest possible solutions. This helped encyclopedism easier and more interesting for the students. The sole purpose of learning an extra language is to aid the learner in communicating easily through the desired language.Despite the situation that I speak the English language, the experience I got from the internship greatly helped to improve my skills in conversing with others. The interaction I had with the students as well as the volunteers in the ESL learning programme unfastened me to those who were learning and others who were there to assist in learning. It was a learning experience for me as I was able to improve on my suaveness and using correct grammar when conversing in the Englis h language.By identifying the students challenges in learning to converse in English, I was able to polish my induce language in particular in using of proper tenses, right statements and remarks. The ESL program brings together people from different cultural backgrounds. Students come here with the aim of learning English that will help them to adapt to their bran-new environment and they are helped through this process by communication partners. Through interaction with this group at the ESL program, I got exposed to a diversity of cultures and it was interesting to get to learn about different cultures and practises of the world.It is interesting to note how the world can meet in much(prenominal) a small set up as a classroom. This knowledge is very important for me in my pursuit of a career in ESL teaching as it will help me adopt to any new culture that I may be exposed to. Objectives were set to enable me achieve the goals of the internship. They were supposed to run for me in carrying out activities that internship period. This would enable me acquire knowledge and skills that are required for one to become an effective ESL students teacher.The experience would give me an opportunity to give my suggestions and ideas in order to improve students teaching techniques and materials. In this essay, there will be a reflection on the meaning of the internship experience for my intelligent development and career planning. The internship experience was necessary in equipping me with new learning. It would offer me knowledge and skills required in future teaching work with the language students. Suggestions and ideas that can improve teaching techniques and materials for the students would contribute in achieving my new learning objective.Engaging volunteers achieved this in sessions on curriculum and teaching methods, recommending improvements in class treatment discussing organizational concerns with volunteers, drafting lesson plans and evaluating them a nd discussing educational techniques with volunteers. My objective to teach volunteers on how to interact with English was achieved by carrying out the following activities directing English lessons in the classroom, pleasing the volunteers on curriculum and teaching methods, evaluating their performances and recommending necessary changes in class.The assignments that were offered to the students is a sure evidence that this objective was attained. Creating organizational system to allow educators to organize volunteer schedules and opus work effectively was enhanced by meeting and discussing organizational concerns with the volunteers, organizing schedules to avoid confusion, handling volunteer and class paper work and documentation as well as getting program feedback from the studentCreating lesson plans for the volunteer teachers was achieved by drafting lesson plans for teaching, adapting the teachers according to the class needs, discussing the quality of lesson plans and su ggesting their changes, incorporating volunteer opinions in final lesson plans and finally implementing the lesson plan. I managed to work with the students and volunteers of presentation materials, decided upon educational techniques and ensured students follow guidelines in presentation.This assisted me in acquiring skills in creating presentation materials. As a teacher, I accommodated a certain number of students when my time allowed, graded and encouraged students and understanding the students need. The current challenges and problems in the classroom were discussed with fellow teachers. This in turn, ensured the students were taught as require by the management formal program. Additionally, experience at the ESL classes helped me to learn about other methods usedin communicating apart from mouth language. These other methods are important in that as a teacher, knowledge of different methods of communication helps one to assess whether you are communicating fully or as desire d by the students. such methods include but are not limited to using parts of the body to express ourselves or gesturing and also the use of facial expressions. It was interesting to learn that a lot of communication can take place through non-verbal methods.At the end of the internship, I had developed a lot of pledge in conversing with students, being able to interact freely and easily with them as well as understanding diverse cultures and the styles they used to converse non-verbally in the different cultures. My internship was flush more helpful as a masters student in the Adult Education and Community programme. There was much more to learn from the experience at the ESL classes than I had earlier imagined.Interacting with students and volunteers from different cultures of the world helped me to grow as a person as well as to acquire rational improvement. I got exposed to diversity of cultures at very close range, something I had not encountered before and after such an ex perience, it becomes easy to be able to teach English anywhere in the world. This is because of the ability that I have gained to assess student issues anywhere. The ESL students mostly constitute of foreigners who wish to learn English so that they can be able to adapt to their new environments.Such students obviously encounter several(prenominal) challenges in the process of their resettlement and my experience with them enlightened me on ship substance in which I can be able to evaluate and understand their problems and the approach I can take in helping them to settle such problems. The ESL classes also constitute of people of different ages and as a future adult teacher, the internship has offered me great help in best ways of handling adults at different age categories. It is now easy to identify with their emotions and to know how well to help them cope with learning.Through this experience, I have realised that my own problems as a foreign student were not unique and that I have a lot to share in common with other foreigners that I shall encounter in the course of my career. I now have a burden to offer as much help as I can to crystallize learning comfortable for foreigners. It made me feel even luckier that I could speak the language myself and made me realise that it was easier for me to adapt to my environment than those that cannot speak the language.Internship enriched me with methods of teaching that can be highly effective such as creating the right atmosphere for free teacher and student interaction and getting the students to give feedback on the way that they are fairing in their learning process. I learnt the essentiality of making the environment conducive for the students as it makes learning easier for them. Students can only learn successfully if several of these factors are pooled together. The internship was a good ground to put into dress what I had learnt from my course work..Getting the chance to utilise my knowledge created a f eeling of confidence in me as well as helped me to rectify and improve on areas that appeared weak. It is now possible for me to be able to come up with new ideas that can be applied in the ESL teaching program. This internship has surely given me the right exposure for my future career. Teaching at an ESL class is no longer a new encounter for me and I can affirm the fact that it is only through practice that one is able to assess whether you are ripe for a career. The challenges encountered in an ESL program set up are no longer strange to me.The internship has given me good experience in handling adults in a classroom set up and has helped to build confidence in me as an adult teacher. I believe this experience will assist me a great deal in planning and writing my thesis for the course that I am undertaking. Knowledge is only useful if it is put into practice. The internship offered me an opportunity to put into practice a lot of knowledge both academic and otherwise and gave me good direction on best ways of detecting, identifying and getting solutions to any challenges that may rape my path in the course of my career as an ESL teacher.By offering my own suggestions and contributing ideas on how teaching at ESL classes can be improved, my own personal growth in the career is advancing. I now have the confidence to handle adults in a learning environment and to be able to identify with their emotions, weaknesses, likes and dislikes and to handle such factors without interfering with the learning process. The students were taken out to become conversant with various aspects of the country. Supplementation of students knowledge on English by informally speaking with them aided their learning on the English language.On the other hand, not all objectives were achieved fully. There were several problems and challenges that made the achievement of these objectives difficult. The problems that were experient included volunteer delayed easy interaction with the students, and volunteers could not identify and understand concerns of all students fully. Though it took some time before they interacted easily with the students, they later on managed to do it. There were few communication and organization problems that arose but were sorted out with time.It was also a bit difficult to develop lesson plans containing all pertinent information for the course at one particular time. This experience assisted me to improve my conversation skills. This was due to the interaction with both the volunteers and the students. During this interaction conversations between me and accordingly assisted me to gain fluency and correct grammar when conversing. The use of correct tenses, remarks and statements in order to pass the necessary language enabled me to identify their needs in their classes. finaleInternship has proved to be a very helpful undertaking and I would recommend it to anyone that wishes to develop and pursue a successful career. It offers a good opportunity to learn so much about the pros and cons of a job. From the experience that I have had at the internship, I believe that I have fewer challenges to face in my future career as an ESL teacher in Saudi Arabia. This is because the internship has prepared me on almost every aspect of human interaction is it personal, social or cultural that I need in my career.The exposure to people from different social backgrounds and different cultures will serve to help me adapt to new cultural backgrounds as it gives the right psychological preparation for such an encounter. The ESL class encounter will help me to adapt in a situation where I may find myself learning a new language. The whole experience was worth the time and effort.ReferencesDolores, La Guardia. , Guth P. H. , (2000). American Voices. Culture and Community. Toronto, Mayfield Publishers.

How far does Austens writing in Volume I and Volume II of the novel? Essay

Austens writing is almost unbrokenly persuading the reader that Elizabeth is the bomberine of the novel from the opening pages it is clear by Austens brave statement that the matrimonial prospects of the bennet daughters will dominate the novel It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife yet the reader is still unaware which daughter it is.Since it cannot be Mary (described as a pedantic, book ameliorate bore), nor Kitty or Lydia (both critically depicted by the narrator as flirtatious and idle girls) the reader is left to decide between Jane and Elizabeth. Austen at number 1 hints that it whitethorn be Jane, with her perfect charm and character yet soon it is apparent that Austen prefers a little conventional heroine whose lack of extraordinary physical knockout makes her both an inspirational character and also a kind of girl with whom everyone can identify. Elizabeth is also admirable to the reader as she is independent of thought and stands up for herself, even to those far above her in social standing (Darcy, Lady Catherine) which Austen fully supports.Austens writing partly reveals this simply by the large marrow of attention paid to the events that happen to Elizabeth, Elizabeths opinion almost every event and the way in which the narrator seems to second all of Elizabeths opinions, mimicking Elizabeths language and elan by Austens use of free indirect speech for example it was impossible not to long to know when Elizabeth is curious about the strange greeting between Wickham and Darcy. This allows the reader to sympathize with Elizabeth and to understand Elizabeths feelings without her having to say them out loud. Austens writing style is also mimicked in Elizabeths tone (witty, intelligent and funny) I believe, he is very much what he ever was when describing Darcy, hinting at Wickhams false character.Another reason for which the reader may think of Elizabeth as the her oine is because the reader sees the unfolding plot and the other characters mostly from Elizabeths pedestal for example when Miss Bingley is trying to win over Darcys affections Miss Bingleys attention was quite as much engaged in watching Mr Darcys progress through his book. This provides the reader the viewpoint from someone in the room, who is mocking Miss Bingley light-heartedly, likely to be Elizabeth.However, Austens writing may discourage the reader that Elizabeth is in fact the heroine when her faults are unmistakable yet she has not accepted them yet, for example Elizabeths feeling of embarrassment about her own family and her impulsiveness and tendency to make assumptions of character too hastily. The reader may especially disapprove of Elizabeth in Chapter IX of Volume I, where Elizabeth is clearly deeply embarrassed by her mothers untactful rudeness said Elizabeth, blush for her mother, yet does not notice her own rudeness It does not necessarily follow that a deep, in tricate character is more or less estimable than such a one as yours.Yet another way in which Austen suggests that Elizabeth is the heroine, is by showing that Darcy is the hero, since both have a constant connection to each other, whether it is the hatred of the other, or the heated discussions between the two, or the uncontrollable affection to the other. One way which Austen shows us that Darcy is the hero is by agreeing with his statements I cannot boast of knowing more than half a dozen, in the whole range of my acquaintance, that are really accomplished.Darcy is especially noticeable as the hero of the novel when the plot surrounds him more, after his proposal to Elizabeth. Darcy and Elizabeth also mirror each other in the way that both are intelligent and show opinions sympathetic to Austens, and both overcome their own faults (Darcy pride, Elizabeth prejudice). It is this self-discovery and realization of faults that convinces us that Elizabeth is the heroine, as her charac ter develops since her introduction with Darcy. It is the fact that Elizabeth realizes her faults,that makes it easy for a reader to relate to her.In conclusion, in my opinion Austens writing greatly persuades the reader that without a doubt, Elizabeth is the heroine of the novel, going through character development and self-realisation, aswell as Austens use of mimicking her own style in Elizabets tone and language.

Beginning of Israel’s History Essay

2006 The Lord said to Abraham, I will make you a enceinte nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great and so you shall be a blessing and I will bless those who bless you, and the whiz who curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed (Genesis 122-3). Such promise was make when Abraham had no son hence it was made in reference to the Jewish nation. Willmington (1985) summarized the early history of Israel this wayIt is generally known that the nation Israel began with the call of Abraham in Genesis 12, that Moses led its people break through of Egyptian captivity, and that Joshua brought them into Canaan. After this the nation floundered under the Judges, fluorished under the father and son queens, David and Solomon, and fragmented again under wicked King Rehoboam. It finally suffered exile at the hands of Assyria and Babylon, only to be returned and restored to the land by divinity fudge during the days of Zerubbabel, Ezra, and Nehe miah. Israels Exiles.The northern kingdom (Israel) and the s turn outhern kingdom (Judah) were exiled to Assyria in 722 B. C. and to Babylon in 587 B. C. , respectively. These exiles by all odds entailed great hardships to the people who were forcibly removed from their homeland to settle in a new territory. Lamentations and weeping were not far from their midst, as the psalmist pictures weeping in Babylon, by the rivers of Babylon, we sat down and wept . How can we sing the Lords song in a foreign land? If I forget you, O Jerusalem, may my right hand forget her skill (Psalm 1371-4).Going back to the question posted earlier if Israel is indeed the chosen nation of God, how could such exiles on with the perils of insecurity and uncertainty happen to them? The answer is both political and theological as evidenced in the biblical accounts of the exile. Politically, the exile was the result of anti-Babylonian policy fitted by the later kings of Judah. Theologically, both Israel and Judah have the tendency to forsake the Lord and adopt the customs of their heathen neighbors.Such Assyrian and Babylonian captivities that Israel experienced were in rake with the prophesy of Moses that if proven disobedient, the Lord will scatter Israel among the people , yet, if they would turn to God, He would be merciful to restore them, for the Lord their God is a condole with God He will not fail them nor destroy them nor forget the covenant with their fathers which He swore to them (Deuteronomy 427-31). As fulfillment of the Lords promise, in 536 B. C. , Cyrus issued a decree that permitted the Babylonian exiles to rebuild the house of the Lord, the God of Israel (Ezra 11-4).This action of Cyrus was predicted by Isaiah about 150 years earlier, Thus says the Lord, your Redeemer, , it is I who says of Cyrus, He is My Shepherd And He will perform all My desire. And he declares of Jesuralem, She will be built, and of the temple, Your foundation will be laid (Isaiah 4424-48). I t is noteworthy from these Biblical accounts that only the true God can predict the future with total accuracy. Moreover the decree fulfilled Jeremiahs prophesy, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, declares the Lord (Jeremiah 2512). The Medes and Persians captured Babylon in 539 B. C.According to the NIV Compact Dictionary of the Bible (1989) The exile served to emphasize the fact that God was in no sense absorbed to Palestine. He providentially cared for His people in Babylon (cf. Ezekiel 1116). The experience far away from the land, city and house where the Lord had chosen to dwell, brought to the fore the monotheism of Israel. Their suffering, coupled with personal contact with the realities of false religion, purged the people once and for all of idolatrous desire. Many exiles following the decree of Cyrus remained in the Persian Empire, with the result that in due clock time Judaism became international in scope.The chastening of Israel is not only evident i n the Old Testament accounts. Willmington (1985) cited that, in Jesus time mighty Rome command over the Holy Land and, four decades after His ascension, On September 8, A. D. 70, by Gods judgment, the Jewish Temple in Israel was burned and destroyed by Titus, the Roman general. On October 6, A. D. 1973, by Gods grace, the Jewish state of Israel was saved from destruction from the Egyptians and Syrians. The following is but the briefest summary of those swift-moving, often sorrowful, and always eventful years between A. D. 70 and A. D. 1973.These nineteen centuries can be historically divided into ten main periods Roman detail (A. D. 70-325) Byzantine Period (325-614) Persian Period (614-634) Arab Period (634-1072) Seljuk Period (1072-1099) Crusaders Period (1099-1291) Mameluke Period (1291-1517) Turkish (Ottoman) Period (1517-1917) British Period (1917-1948) and Independent Period (1948-present day). Israel as a Declared Nation A land, a law, a language, and a Lord was given to the nation of Israel when God chose them. But because of Israels disobedience to God, God allowed them to be dispersed among the nations as prophesied in Deuteronomy 28.But what God promised in Jeremiah 3110, He who scattered Israel will gather him and keep him as a guard keeps his flock, He fulfills. After wandering and being dormant and dead for nearly nineteen long centuries, Israel was once again established as a nation in her beloved land in 1948. And at that time, with a population of only 650,000, Israel defended itself against 40 million Arabs in six Arab states that vowed to destroy them. Outnumbered 1001 to 1 in military equipment, Israel won the war, and has won two thereafter.Some of the key paragraphs in the proclamation of Israels freedom read as follows The land of Israel was the place of origin of the Jewish people. Here their spiritual, religious and national identity was formed. Here they achieved independence and created a culture of national and universal sig nificance. Here they wrote and gave the Bible to the world. Our call goes out to the Jewish people all over the world to rally to our side in the task of immigration and development and to stand by us in the great struggle for the fulfillment of the dream of generations the redemption of Israel (http//stateofisrael.com/declaration).Conclusion Today, though much of the south of Israels land is desert, it has a fertile plain along the countrys Mediterranean coastline, which makes Israel as one of six nations that produce enough food to feed themselves and others. The Law of the Sabbath is the law of the land for everyone in Israel, though only 5% of the 6,276,883 population estimated in 2005 make-up the God-fearing Orthodox Jew. Furthermore, Hebrew is the official language, the only dead language that has ever been restored to life in the history of mankind.With a land, a law, and a language revived after two millenia, Israel still has one problem they still reject the Lord, the ver y God who has made them as His chosen nation. Perhaps, this fact renders out to the primary cause of Israels exiles and constant struggle for peaceful coexistence with neighbors dedicated to its destruction. Therefore, the next time person asks what makes Israel the target of various terrorist organizations, and why is it the most disputed strip of real estate on planet earth, the one who understand the nation of Israel can point the answers to both of Israels Biblical narratives and historical texts.Works Cited Declaration of Israels Independence1948. Tel Aviv. 14 May 1948 (5th of Iyar, 5708). 11 March 2006 . NIV Compact Dictionary of the Bible. J. D. Douglas and Merill C. Tenney, eds. Michigan Thje Zondervan Corporation. 1989. Ryrie flying field Bible New American Standard. Charles Caldwell Ryrie, expanded ed. Chicago Moody Press. 1995. Willmington, H. L. Willmingtons Guide to the Bible. Illinois Tyndale House Publishers, Inc. , 1985.

Amy Lowell by Marcia Dinneen Essay

Amy Lo puff ups Life and Career Marcia B. Dinneen (http//www. english. illinois. edu/maps/poets/g_l/amylowell/life. htm) Amy Lowell was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, the daughter of Augustus Lowell and Katherine Bigelow Lawrence. both sides of the family were pertly England aristocrats, wealthy and prominent members of society. Augustus Lowell was a businessman, civic leader, and horticulturalist, Katherine Lowell an accomplished musician and linguist. Although considered as al close to disreputable, poets were part of the Lowell family, including James Russell Lowell, a jump cousin, and later Robert Lowell.As the daughter of a wealthy family, Lowell was first educated at the family home, Sevenels (named by her set about as a reference to the seven Lowells living there), by an side of meat governess who left her with a long inability to spell. Her first metrical composition, Chacago, written at age nine, is testament to this problem. In the fall of 1883 Lowell began attendi ng a series of offstage schools in Brookline and Boston. At school she was the terror of the faculty (Gould, p. 32). Even at Mrs.Cabots school, founded by a Lowell cousin to educate her induce children and the children of friends and relations, Lowell was totally impertinent to classroom decorum. Noisy, opinionated, and spoiled, she terrorized the other students and spoke seat to her teachers (Heymann, p. 164).During school vacations Lowell traveled with her family. She went to Europe and to New Mexico and California. On the latter trip she kept a travel journal. Lowell enjoyed writing, and cardinal stories she wrote during this time were printed in Dream Drops or, Stories from Fairyland (1887), by a Dreamer. The volume was published privately by her mother, who besides contri only ifed material, and the proceeds were donated to the Perkins Institute for the Blind. Lowells teaching included the usual classes in English, history, French, literature, and a little Italian. As Lo well later noted, My family did not consider that it was necessary for girls to learn either Greek or Latin (Damon, p. 87). She would too describe her formal education as not amounting to a hill of beans (Benvenuto, p. 6). School ended in 1891, and Lowell make her debut. Described as the most popular debutante of the season, she went to sixty dinners disposed in her honor.Her popularity was attributed to her skills in dancing and in the art of conversation, but her debut did not produce the expected labor union proposal. Although Lowell had finished formal schooling, she go on to educate herself. Unfortunately, higher education was not an option for Lowell women. She put herself through a rigorous reading program, using her fathers 7,000-volume library and the resources of the Boston Athenaeum (her great-grandfather was one of the founders). Later Lowell would successfully speak out against the proposed relocation of the Athenaeum this would also become the subject of a poem.Low ells love of handwritings themselves began with her first Rollo book, Rollo Learning to Read, which her mother gave her when she was six. This gift marked the beginning of an enthusiasm for book collecting that would last throughout her life. In 1891 she made her first major purchase of a set of the complete works of Sir Walter Scott with money she had received as a Christmas gift. It was, however, her collection of Keatsiana, including a rare first edition of Lamia inscribed to F. B. from J. K. (Fanny Brawne from John Keats), that put her in the forefront of international book collectors.Following her debut, Lowell led the life of a prominent socialite, visiting, going away to parties and the theater, and traveling. Her mother, who had been an invalid for years, died in 1895. A disappointment in love prompted a winter trip to Egypt in 1897-1898. Lowell had accepted the proposal of a Bostonian whom she loved, but in the first place the engagement was formally announced he became e ntangled elsewhere (Damon, p. 120). The family could do nothing to protect her except guard tenaciously the name of the errant suer (Gould, p. 65). The trip was also for health reasons.Doctors felt Lowells obesity could be cured by the Egyptian heat and a diet of nothing but tomatoes and asparagus. The regimen almost killed her and resulted in a prolonged nervous collapse. In 1900 Lowells father died, and she bought Sevenels. She also bought a summer home in Dublin, New Hampshire, that she named Broomley Lacey. The area was home to the MacDowell Artists Colony as well as to other notable painters and sculptors. In Brookline Lowell assumed her fathers civic responsibilities. Early in 1902 she spoke against the reappointment of the elderly superintendent of the Brookline public school system.She was the first woman in the Lowell family to make a speech in public (Gould, p. 77). Initially booed, Lowell continued to speak with her usual forthrightness and, at the end, won applause as well as her point. Lowell became a member of the executive committee of the Brookline Education cabaret and chair of its Library Board. In October 1902 Lowell became a poet. Her interest in meter had been growing beyond her childhood enthusiasm, fueled by her reading Leigh Hunts Imagination and Fancy or, Selections from the English Poets,which she had found near the ceiling in her fathers library.The volume was a revelation to her, opening a portal that might otherwise ingest remained shut, Lowell remarked (Gould, p. 51). She had become enamored of poetry and the poets Hunt discussed, particularly Keats. After she saw Eleanora Duse perform one October night she wrote her first grown poem, Eleanora Duse. Although some critics say that she was being too hard on herself, Lowell described the 71-line poem as having every cliche and every technical error which a poem can have. Yet she also said, It loosed a bolt in my brain and I found out where my true function lay (Damon, p. 14 8).At age twenty-eight she had discovered her echoing to be a poet. In 1910 four of Lowells sonnets were accepted for publication by the Atlantic Monthly. A touch on Idea, published first, appeared in August of that year. By 1912 she had published her first book of poetry, A Dome of Many-Colored Glass the title came from Percy Bysshe Shelleys Adonais, his elegy for Keats. It was not well received by either the public or the critics. Louis Untermeyer wrote that the book to be brief, in spite of its lifeless classicism, can never rouse ones anger. But, to be briefer still, it cannot rouse one at all (Damon, p. 92). Yet 1912 was also the year that Lowell met actress Ada Dwyer Russell. The friendship between the two women has been described as Platonic by some, as lesbian by others it was, in fact, a Boston marriage. They lived together and were committed to each other until Lowells death. Russell was Lowells companion, providing love and emotional support, as well as the practical s kill of organizing Lowells busy life. Biographer Richard Benvenuto observed that Lowells great creative output between 1914 and 1925 would not have been possible without her friends steadying, supporting presence (p. 0). The following year Lowell discovered some poems in Poetry by Hilda Doolittle, signed H. D. Imagiste. Lowell felt an naming with the style of H. D. s poetry and determined to discover more about it. Armed with a letter of introduction from Poetry editor Harriet Monroe, Lowell traveled to capital of the United Kingdom to meet Ezra Pound, head of the imagist movement. In London Lowell not only learned about imagism and free verse from Pound, but she also met many poets, several of whom became lifelong friends.Over the years Lowell would develop many literary friendships that resulted in an enormous volume of literary correspondence, requiring Lowell to employ two full-time secretaries. Lowell not only support and encouraged other poets with her writing, such as her f avorable review of Robert Frosts North of Boston in the New Republic (20 Feb. 1915), but also with money and gifts. Lowells poems began to appear in increasing numbers in journals, and she was becoming a prolific writer of essays and reviews. Pound had requested the inclusion of her poem In a Garden in his anthology Des Imagistes(1914).Later Lowell and Pound would have a falling out over the direction of the imagist movement, and Pound would call the movement, as adapted by Lowell, Amygism. Lowell became the spokesperson of imagism, leading the fight for the renewal of poetry in her homeland (Francis, p. 510), and her efforts were tireless. She traveled throughout the country, selling the new poetry. Her own volume Sword Blades and Poppy Seed (1914), written in free verse and polyphonic prose, a Lowell invention, brought her an instantaneous phenomenal rise to fame (Gould, p. 139).Lowells first book of criticism, Six French Poets (1915), based on a series of her lectures, was also well received. Lowell was publishing a book a year, alternating between volumes of victimize verse and interminable poems. Men, Women and Ghosts (1916) was highly regarded and contained Patterns one of her most famous poems. In it an eighteenth-century woman, walking in her garden, contemplates a future that has suddenly become empty because of the leaving of her fiance in battle she mourns the fact that the Patterns of her role required her to remain chaste before marriage.The next year she published another critical volume, Tendencies in Modern American Poetry, which included essays on six contemporary poets Edwin Arlington Robinson, Robert Frost, Edgar Lee Masters, Carl Sandburg, H. D. , and John Gould Fletcher. Lowell also published anthologies of imagist poets in 1915, 1916, and 1917. Her next volume of poetry, Can Grandes Castle (1918), included four long poems the title was taken from the name of the refuge where Dante, the Florentine exile, wrote portions of his Divine Co medy.Inspired by her lifelong interest in the Orient, Pictures of a Floating World (1919) is a translation of the Japanese word ukiyo-e, a term commonly associated with a form of eighteenth-century Japanese painting. It includes 174 short, free verse lyrics, considered by some as overtly erotic. For example, A Decade and The Weathercock Points South are described as a celebration of lesbian devotion. Legends (1921) contains eleven longer poems, and Fir-Flower Tablets (1921) is a collection of poems based on translations of ancient Chinese verse.Since Lowell did not read Chinese, she was dependent on English translations by Florence Wheelock Ayscough, which Lowell then turned back into poetry. A Critical Fable (1922) is a long, humorous poem, evaluating the state of contemporary poetry. Originally published anonymously, the poem pokes fun at fellow poets and at Lowell herself in lines of rhymed couplets. The poem was modeled on James Russell Lowells A Fable for Critics (1848). Her l ast publication was the momentous biography , John Keats (1925).In 1921 Lowell had given an address at Yale honoring Keats on the one-hundredth anniversary of his birth. The lecture stimulated her to write the book, which minutely examines Keatss life and corrects some long-standing misconceptions about him. Lowell was also the first biographer to see Fanny Brawne in a favorable light. The book was well received in the United States but not in Britain, where she was impeach of writing a psychological thriller rather than a literary biography. Lowell was angry and heartbroken but in typical fashion determined to confront the critics on their own turf.

Boeing Company note cards Essay

The Boeing Company started initially as Pacific Aero Products Company and then William E. Boeing, the founder of The Boeing Company integrate it on 15 July 1916 in Seattle, Washington. The company with its steady progress has emerged as of the leading manufacturers of commercial jets in the world. The study competitor of Boeing Company is the Airbus, which is run by the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company. The first of the modern airliners in the world produced by the Boeing Company was Boeing 247 that was manufactured in the mid of 1933.After conducting some(prenominal) inquiryes and studying the market the company came up with an innovative pressurized cabin that was capable of flying even in the rough weathers with an altitude of 20,000 feet. This was a remarkable machination in the world of aeronautics. (Boeing Historical Archives, 2009) The Model was named 307 Stratoliner and this was the first four-engine airliner that was notched in domestic services and with t hat the model likewise was able to mark refreshed standards with its USP on whet and comfort jointly.Initially Boeing manufactured 10 Stratoliners merely then they stopped the production when World War II started. The Stratoliners were then used in armament Transport Command for the later five yrs. The smart thing that the Boeing Company did was to principal(prenominal)tain close ties with the US Department of Defense and as a reply the Boeing Defense, Space and Security is currently $34 billion dollar company with more than 68,000 employees all around the world. The Headquarter of the company is situated in St. Louis, Missouri, US. (Company Snapshot, 2010)With increasing row of moving towards the concern of environment and generation of substitutes to fossil-based jet give the sacks, the Research and Technology department of Boeing has joined forces with PetroChina that would evaluate the potential of biofuel. The company is then likely to don in to the biofuel industry as well which will include a full-fledge laboratory that will emphasize on renewable algae biomass that can be harvested as seed and then processed to convert into a jet fuel. The query will be conducted to analyze and monitor all possible phases of sustainable aviation biofuel development.(PR News, 2010) Boeing as provides soldiers aircrafts and former(a) products to different governing bodys therefore the operations of the company are precise exquisite. To consider the demands of government, special attention needs to be paid. However, up till now the company has been able to importanttain good relationships with different governments of the world by providing them quality and reliable products. But this relationships needs to be tied further longer as now governments catch alternatives because of competitors coming into the industry. (The Boeing Company, 2010)In this look for we would analyze how Boeing relates to different governments to whom it serves and what kinds of products do the company offers to them. Objective The objectives of the seek report are to analyze the extent to which Boeing relates with its customers and government to it serves to examine the relationship between Boeing and government it services and the nature of their relationships Both elemental and secondary sources have been used to collect the data. Primary sources include the interviewing of executives of Boeing whereas secondary include researching through internet, publish papers, books, ebooks, etc.Government is iodine of the main customers of Boeing and providing military aircrafts and other items is one of the main products from which the company earns tax revenue therefore, Boeing needs to have a successful relationships with government in order to maintain its position. As these products are very sensitive from the government point of view, therefore it is imperative that Boeing should consider what the government demands. This will help both, the governme nt and the company, and will help in building better relationships. writings ReviewDepartment of Defense The Department of Defense generates about 80% of revenues for Boeing Defense Space. The refined communications networks of the company in air, land, sea, and even on space-based platforms for the military is unmatchable. A press release that is published few months back promotes the NewGen Tanker of being as a widebody, multi-mission aerial refueling aircraft, the NewGen Tanker is manufactured as an advancement of the commercial aircraft Boeing 767. This model projects is USP as friendly to the environment and low on fares through low taxes.The aircraft is capable of burning 24% less fuel than its previous version. (Press Release, 2010) If the US Air Force accepts the proposal of manufacturing the model commercially, the company will be offering more than 4,500 jobs in the market and will offer an addition of $233 million dollars to the state of California. In the market of defe nse gross gross revenue, the companys major competitor is Lockheed Martin who revenues are largely based on the sales of US government, which results to about 85%. Boeing Defense, Space & Security or Boeing Military AirplanesFormerly known as Boeing Integrated Defense, renamed as Boeing Defense, Space and Security is a unit of The Boeing Company is in charge of defense and aerospace products and services. It was formed in 2002 with the merger of Military Aircraft and Missile Systems and Space and Communications. Boeing has become third largest defense asseverator in the world and responsible for 51% of companys income by 2008 due to its unit Boeing Defense, Space and Security. Boeing IDS is based in Berkeley, Missouri, USA, near the city of St. Louis. It has as well remained the largest employer in St.Louis County in 2000. (The Boeing Company, 2010) Boeing Military Airplane Company Hughes Satellite Systems Hughes Helicopters minus the commercial helicopter products (which were st ripped as MD Helicopters) Piasecki Helicopter, afterwards known as Boeing Vertol and then Boeing Helicopters the St. Louis-based McDonnell division of the former McDonnell Douglas Company and the former North American Aviation division of Rockwell International are few major names in aerospace which are the result of consolidated group of Boeing Defense, Space and SecurityDefense and other With the increasing subprogram of passengers it was realized that it is important to stay in receive through computers, for the reason Boeing introduced Connexion by Boeing providing internet connectivity through satellite. In 2005 it started its products to journalists. However due to huge competition it was difficult for the company to sell it to some airlines Boeing together with SAIC (Science Applications International Corporation) was the chief contractors of US militarys future combat system program.This program was cancelled in June 2009 with the remaining system decipherable to the BCT modernization program. On the transfer of Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates in defense, the spending was shifted to making the tough choices about specific systems and defense priorities based just on national interest. This decision hit the Boeing hard due to the heavy involvement of them which cancelled Air Force their projects. (Norris, 2001) Boeing improving its technology The Boeing Company is also aiming to offer 787 Dreamliner that will focus on unmatched performance and combinations of newest technologies.This model will be able to burn 20% less fuel than its free-enterprise(a) airplanes, with more cargo capacity, and more than half of the structure will be developed through composite materials that will eliminate the use of aluminum sheets and fasteners. slightly 250 passengers will be accommodated in the airplane and they will get the advantage humid interior environment. Ever since The Boeing Company came into the market in 1916, it has focus to conciliate the new te chnologies and emphasized more on researches, their exceptional results in performance and comfort are the success factors of the company.Government as a Client The major client of the company is governments. The U. S government is the top corporate client of The Boeing Company, precisely the U. S government is not the only government that is the client of Boeing. The other governments of the world are also major contributor to the revenue of the Boeing Company. The other governments are mostly the US allies and their revenue contribution although is not pertain to US government but still it is better than most of the million dollar companies.Boeing is not only responsible in the sales of military aircrafts to governments, but the company also manufactures and sells commercial airplanes to private airlines all over the world. In 2010 the Indian government also forwarded a tender to the Boeing company which resulted in the sales of eighteen Boeing 777and twenty seven 787 Dreamliner s to Air India Company. Dependence on US government and WTO-incompatible subsidies As discussed above, the companys major revenue is from the US government which incorporates the 65% of the total revenue share annually.The Boeing Companys major competitor Airbus criticizes the companys policies for the subsidy contracts from the US government and its financial delay to attract foreign and domestic clients especially in the model Boeing 7E7 model, Airbus states that financial support is more than double what it gets for its new model Airbus A380. This fact is undoubtedly skill for The Boeing Company where they stand on a win-win situation due to its close ties with US government. (Robertson, D. 2006) Political contributions, taxes, and advocacyThe lobby expenditures of Boeing in the year 2007 were report to $4. 14 million whereas in the year 2006, the expenditure was even more totaling to $9. 12 million. The company received $15. 3 billion as long-term debt from Export-Import Bank of the join States. (Boeing, 2010) In 2009, April issue of vocation Week magazine, the Boeing Company was reported as one of 25 US companies paying the least US taxes. The magazine statistics verbalise that according to the accounts the company paid 3. 2 % taxes whereas the standard corporate tax rate was 35% ControversiesBoeing has been also protesting over the aid provided to its competitor Airbus in scathe of long term credits, whereas Airbus has its statement that Boeing has been receiving subsidies through military and research contracts and tax breaks that are totally illegal. Methodology Both the methods were used for the collection of data for this research report on Boeing i. e. primary sources and secondary sources of data collection. Primary sources include interviewing of few Boeing staff members whereas secondary sources include different sources have been researched using internet, library, published papers, books, news and magazines.Primary method was to interview few of Boeing staff members to know about the use government plays, how the government affects their operations, how government benefits them, and what the future plans of Boeing are. However, besides the primary research the substantial amount of research is based on secondary data collection and the main reason for selecting the secondary data as the main source for conducting the research is that it takes less judgment of conviction and effort. Besides this, the collection of data is easier and cheaper using secondary data rather than using primary sources of data collection. lowly data is readily available from different sources and also it is accessible for everyone. The advancement in technology and particularly because of internet, today conducting research has been far easier than before. Also umteen authentic and reliable sources were found from where data was collected therefore the purpose of conducting primary research or interview was almost equal to zero. There are number of advantages of using secondary data as a means to conduct the research besides the time, cost and effort required.As many of the research have been conducted by government officials and professional researchers therefore the chances of biasness have been reduced and more accurate data can be found. Secondary data is very handy because data from different geographic regions can be collected and you do not have to go to different locations to collect the data but you can all at one place. Also secondary data is important because one can analyze the trend and view the past records.Limitations of the research include different people in the Boeing Company as well as in government sector were to be interviewed but because of lack of time these officials were not able to give us their time. Also few of the people who were to be interviewed had been out of city therefore only a small number of Boeing staff had been interviewed only. Analysis Financial Analysis of the Company 2008 Boeings annual revenue in the year 2008 was 60. 9 Billion USD and it had shown a decline of 8. 25% from 2007. And the net earnings of Boeing were $279 billion with a decrease of 34%. (10) 20092009 proved to be a lucrative year for the company as the revenue change magnitude by 12. 10% from 2008. The total revenue recorded in the year was $68. 3 billion showing an increase of $7,372 million. Revenues from defense also increased by $1,614 million mainly because of more revenues generated from Boeing Military Airplanes and Global Services and Support. (9) Operating earnings of the company increased by $67 million from the last year and this was because of more earnings from Military Airplanes segment. First Quarter of 2010 The year 2010 has also shown good signs for Boeing as the operating margin has increased to 7. 7% with revenue of $15.2 billion in the first quarter, with net earnings of $0. 5 billion. The company expects the total revenue from this year would be in the range of $ 64 to $66 billion. Although this figure is less than 2010 revenues but Boeing in the year 2011 the company expects the revenues and profits to be much higher than what it were in 2009. The main reason for increased revenue is that Boeing would deliver new airlines the 787. Role of Government Going through different published papers and different materials found on the internet and library, it has been analyzed that the role of government is very important in aviation safety.Air Commerce Act allowed the government to establish different air routes, air navigation systems, canvas in accidents, licensing pilots etc. These are the basic roles played by different governments of the world including the government of United States of America. Conclusion Providing military aircrafts has been one of the main businesses of Boeing and the main market for these crafts is the government. Therefore, it is very important for the company to have good relationships with them and realize the import ance of providing high quality products to different governments because these aircrafts would be used in very sensitive areas.Also government needs to support and allow the company to be innovative in their approach so that they could come up with new and exciting products every now and then. Works Cited Boeing Historical Archives, 2009. The Boeing Log Book, various volumes, published by Boeing Historical Archives. PR News, 2010. Boeing and Chinese Energy Officials forecast Sustainable Biofuel Initiatives. 27, May 2010. PRNewsWire News Releases, Retrieved July 15, 2010 from http//www. prnewswire. com/news- releases/boeing-and-chinese-energy-officials-announce-sustainable-biofuel-initiatives-95007509.html Press Release, 2010. Boeing NewGen Tanker Win Would Bring 4,500 Jobs, $233 Million to California. 27 May 2010. PRNewsWire United Business Media. Retrieved July 15, 2010 from http//www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/boeing-newgen-tanker-win-would-bring-4500-jobs-233-million-to-ca lifornia-95036539. html The Boeing Company, 2010. bodied Information Snapshots. Retrieved July 15, 2010 from http//www. corporateinformation. com/Company-Snapshot Boeing 787 first flight announced. BBC, 27 August 2009. Boeing, 2010. Encyclop? dia Britannica. Encyclop?dia Britannica Online. Encyclop? dia Britannica, 2010. Web. Retrieved July 15, 2010 from . Boeing Company. The Boeing Company. The Company, 1979 Norris, Guy and Mark Wagner. Boeing 777 The Technological Marvel. Minneapolis, Minnesota Zenith Imprint, 2001 Robertson, D. 2006. Airbus will lose 4. 8bn because of A380 delays. London The Times Business News. Retrieved July 15, 2010 from http//business. timesonline. co. uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/engineering/article659591. ece.

Potential Communication Barries Essay

Mental distraction which results to fetching a lot of while between when you h head something and when you speak emotional distraction owns someone overreact to what is spoken which makes him divert attention far away from whoever is communicating which results to the person who is addressed non acquiring the information.When both verbalizer and listener have shared knowledge, in that location is barrier because both of them use uniform vocabulary and the listener fails to take what is extendd seriously. Physical distraction for example noise that make people not understand each some other(a) decent, when the room is too warm, people occupying it may be uncomfortable and opened concentration of what is being communicated.When judgment is done by those communicated to by appearance or knowledge or making judgment without facts to support it, communication is broken down because of the listener judging the communicator by what he back end see but not by what he scre real izeg offer. This will make the communicated be interpreted lightly and what he says will not be taken seriously. Lack of interest in what is communicated and having negative attitude towards the bring iner will create barrier to effective communication because even the pith delivered will be of little use to the listener.HOW TO OVERCOME COMMUNICATION BARRIERSYou should stop talking and concentrate on listening in order to stomach all what is communicated and respond accordingly. Pay attention so that the parties call down plenty be actively convolute in the discussion and they tin can understand each other as they talk. Non verbal words should be paid attention to by keeping tenderness affaire between both parties and getting the facial expression of the communicator.Always make sure that you question the verbaliser to tick that your understanding is accurate so that you can get e reallything that is communicated to you. Resist any destruction by shuffling papers that ca n make your attention to be diverted away from what is being communicated. Do not draw while you listen because your concentration will be affected all the time.When raise up by what the speaker system is saying, do not interrupt until the speaker finishes whatever he is saying. Open your mental capacity and try to look at the situation from the speakers point of view befo9re you can go ahead to make any judgment to the situation in question. If you have your own view about what the speaker is saying, you can use it to mirror what you heard from the speaker.IMPACT OF NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION WHILE INTERACTING WITH OTHER OFFICERS, WITNESSES AND POSSIBLE SUSPECTS saltation leg indicates that you have no interest in whatever is said and a sign of temper because you are getting tired and you wand the speaker to finish whatever he is saying as quickly as possible. Nodding of head is a sign of approving what has been said. It shows the listener is encourage by what has been said and also he understands what the speaker is tying to communicate.When an eyebrow is raised, this shows lack of believing what is said and questions the speakers message and also a sign of being surprised by whatever has been said. When the listeners anticipate silent, they understand everything that is being said. The topic is interesting to that and they want to continuer tryout more about it and they respect the speaker and can not make any noise while he is speaking.Slouching shoulders is a sign of tiredness because the speaker aptitude have taken too long communicating without giving the listeners break to die away before he continues with his speech. It can also be a sign of discouragement and loss of hope. aspect away means that you are impatient and cannot wait any longer for the speaker to finish what he is saying. This is also a sign of lack of interest in what is being said.HOW TO GO ABOUT speech WITH THE FOLLOWINGThe hearing impaired manMake sure the hearing aid is in the ear and if it is turned, adjust it to the right position to ensure that it is functioning properly and make sure the battery is works and replace it with a new one if it is not functioning well. Stand directly in expect of the person so that he can see you clearly and be able to get exclusive attention from him when you are close enough to him before you begin to talk.When you approach the person, make sure he sees you to avoid making him startled. He should always know that there is some one near him not to be caught by surprise. Make the speech easier to understand by him by not chewing, eating or smoking while you talk to him. Hand should be kept away from face so that you can be seen clearly and learn any face expression which communicates a lot about your feelings.The dry land noise that interferes with proper hearing should be avoided to ensure total concentration of the listener and the speaker. Enough time should be allowed for meaningful conversation without running out of time. if messages are necessary, write them down so that the hearing impaired man can be able to read them.When speaking, do not shout so that whatever you are saying can come out clearly and can be dumb very well. Different ways can be used to make the message be properly understood.Speaking to the childThe language ability level should be should be identified to know how to communicate to the child in a language that he can be able to understand. Know the fleshly capability of the child and emotional capability and communicate in a passionate manner and do not include any judgment to the child so that he can be encouraged to continue talking.Make sure the child is comfortable and help him understand the purpose of the interview. The language should be adjusted to help the child understand all the questions and a simple and well explained manner.The lotThe gang should be reliable, look for what is positive and of material to the gang. Be yourself and real. Make the promis es that you can always keep to ensure that you develop trust in the gang. be a good role model whom the gang can look at and admire all the time and help them mould their character.You should be aware of the experiences that other people have as you continue dealing with the gang and do not ignore their experience. borrow care of the body language especially the passment of hands to avoid threatening the gang. Understand the gangs language so that you can ensure there is effective communication. Things should not be taken at individualised level and help those who are in need of your help.Visually shakenDescribe to them the room layout as you enter and inform him when you want to leave. If the person needs your guidance, allow him to take your arm for guidance. Increase lighten in the room and ask him if he needs your help and offer to help him. If you want to touch the person, first call him by name so that he can be aware that there is someone who is near him. Allow the person touch you if he needs to do so. Treat him ilk a sighted person and do not show him that you sympathize with his situation for him to know that he is still worthy despite his situation because disability is not inability.Explain to them what you are doing so that they may not be suspicious of what you are doing. Where possible, encourage independence and leave things where they are unless you are asked to move them to another place.Technology used throughout investigation and in the judgeship roomThe law is enforced so that it can be followed by all the affected parties. the witnesses are interrogated for them to give evidence of the part in question that will assist the court in making judgment. The person who is guilty of the discourtesy is arrested and waits for the day of trial. The days for the judge to listen to the case are booked at a inclined time in future.The surmises are held from the day they are caught until when their case will be heard which is the very(preno minal) day when citizens bring their claims to be heard by the judge.Ethical issues to consider on that point is training of settle on how to handle cases and how to judge the criminals depending on the evidence given concerning the committed crime. The sensitivity of the case is very important to ensure that judgment is done fairly without favorism or discrimination of either of the parties.There should be awareness of the rules and regulations set by the government on how all the citizen should behave and the disciplinary action taken against anybody who disobeys the law. The issue of equitable treatment to all citizens is important where they are all treated as equals and no one is taken as more important or special than the others.CONFLICT RESOLUTIONParties involved achieve success without leaving either party devoid of dignity or respect. It results in win solution by both parties getting something in return for considering the other. Success approach to conflict shutdown is establishing relationship with disputing parties, have strategy for mediation, collect information, design plan, build trust, define the issues, uncover interests that are hidden, get settlement means and have a bargaining to achieve the settlement.SUBSEQUENT INTERROGATIONThe people present at the time the suspect takes a hostage are questioned and they give out the circumstances surround the ability of the suspect to take hostage. The police writes a report which is analyzed and helps to know where the suspect might have gone to take refuge so that he can be caught. If it was a temporary hookup for him to escape, the officers concerned faces disciplinary action and can be suspended from their duties till further notice.ASSOCIATED LEGAL ISSUESThe suspect is caught again and will have two cases to answer in court. The murder case and taking a hostage. The judge will listen to both cases and gives judgment for both of them as two separate cases. If he is found guilty, he will be arre sted and faces a jail sentence.WRITING PRESS RELEASEThere was a suspect of murder who took a hostage from court after he was arrested in court. He is tall, medium sized and dressed in black gasp and white shirt. Anybody who has any information concerning him can report to the nearest police station and will receive a reward of one railway yard dollars in cash. Thank you.From criminal investigation departmentThe key participants in this trial areThe eye witnesses who witnessed the shooting as it occurred for example, the child who was playing outside, the person who was impaired in hearing, the shaken visually who was pumping drift and the young gang members. The credibility issues are that when these eye witnesses were interrogated at different times, they gave the same information concerning the suspect. A gun was recovered from the pocket of suspect and he had put on more than one trouser so that when he commits crime he can be able to remove the trouser on top to hide his iden tity.The role l would play in the trial is that, I would guide the court on who to use to give evidence because, I was able to see who was on the spot in a flash the shooting occurred and nobody else should give the evidence apart from the ones who were present.REFERENCESAlbert Mehrabian Nonverbial Communication Transaction Pub,2007Mc Mains, M.J, and Mullins, W.C, Crisis Negotiations in law enforcement and corrections. Cincinnati, OH Anderson Pub,2001Edmund Husserl, Dermot Moran Logical Investigations Routledge,2001

Others

In todays society, gentleman ar quick to Judge differents based on what they believe. Communities tend to negatively view muckle who are different and do non fit into their own norms. All cultures have norms scarce they have differences that do non adapt with the dominant core culture in the United States. How we create the other Is from our beliefs, values, and behaviors. If other people do not fit into a certain structure, we often have assumptions against them. Growing up In a p crafticular neighborhood related with gang influences and doing graffito Is usually not accredited by m any(prenominal) people.In Ruben Martinets essay Going up In LA, he shows the community of the graffiti artists and how they get discriminated for what they do. Graffiti artist Pooh describes create verbally as a community because It Is a source of parley with other writers all over the city (Pig 104 1 14 1. This community uses this form of art to chatter their expressionings, thoughts, and m essages In frequent. They compose their own culture together by having a passion for bombing rough town with their meaningful pieces. Tiers from the Stateside state that when they do graffiti they are being blame for vandalism but when whites do it is called art (Pig 106 23 There is a distinction based on race and naval division which irritates most stateside writers. They do come from poor neighborhoods and low class families but that should not mean their bearing of art should be treated as a false conation. Though there many people that might not understand graffiti. In the eyes of the LAP, they typically see graffiti as not art and illegal unlike approved city murals.Stuart Haines assumes there is only focusing o say an absolute stop on graffiti, The real answer is to pass tougher laws to punish the graffiti artists who deface public property, along with the gang members who are identifying their turf (Pig 109 31 , 34 ). Most officials and adults strongly disagree with the acts of graffiti. They are pursuance for other alternatives to get rid of graffiti artists. There is a reason why these young work force do this specific type of writing. Mary Trotter said, We havent looked at why theyre painting. They want to communicate something to us, and were not listening (Pig 109 36 ).Since writers are considered as others in the society they do not understand what conveys in writing. There is a difference between graffiti art and graffiti which gang members use to judge up as their territory. One has more meaning than the other while the other type of writing signifies owning a property or area. Graffiti artists should not be Judge poorly from where to come from and how their art looks like. People fear the unknown which they to tend to do anything to try to exclude themselves from people who do not fit Into their standards.In Peter Marinas essay Helping and Hating the Homeless, he describes how the dental plateless people are often stereotyped and feare d for what they are. Simply because the homeless are homeless, they are known to be threat. Their existence creates violence which we looking our sense of safety Is being taken away (Pig 172 24). Many middle class people feel this way about the homeless. Since they are strangers, people look at them with Ignorance and have a sense of commove when approximately them. There are many reasons why we feel this precise way about the homeless.Our reaction to the homeless Is based on our cultural attitudes, train of understanding about the homeless that it has become an disposition to label them as dangerous in our society. Since mostly every superstar feels this way, it is difficult to control and clear our perspective of the homeless. change surface in the score in Europe, the bourgeois did not want to deal with beggars. They believe this certain group of people were unable to progress, irrelevant, and hopeless in this order of living. (Pig 174 1 28). Due to these discriminations, our society saw them this way as likewise which is how we create boundaries because of their differences.One of Marinas students paper illustrates her first experience at a Rescue missionary station on skid row. She gives details on how repulsive of these people habits are. She handstally had the feeling dirty around them because they were strange and unclean to her (Pig 174 l 31). Many people perceive the homeless as trash and inhumane. This is the start between the homeless and our society because we want to see our self in order to accept them. Our lifestyles do differ with the homeless but that does not mean we would reject them from our living.Instead reach and help them out because at some point in their life they were like any normal person. Wo manpower throughout the American history are often portrayed with weak images. They do not have equal roles in society, special Jobs, politics, and in other settings. Women did not receive the same equal treatment or rights as men did. They could not vote until the 19th amendment was passed in August 18, 1920. Women had to fight for their rights some way or other to prove they were no different than the men. It is most common for omen to be Judged in the workforce.Women were usually advance to enter into careers which are associated due to their gender. Career paths such as nursing, teachers, childcare, or even a home stay mother were consider as good roles for women. This limited females to many opportunities because it discouraged them to attempt any work that was reserve for men. Early in the United States, women were distinguished that they lack skills and did not compare to what men can do. Women should not be characterized entirely because of their gender. They deserve equality ND not feel outclassed to men.Rather than having projections on to other groups, our society should acknowledge our negative imperfections. We cannot always urge our opinions and Judgments solely because we differentiate from these groups. The demoralised stereotyping that we give to these people affects not only them but our society as well. Everyone comes from various communities and cultures vary from one another. The main argument of how the other is created is because we want to see ourselves in those people. If they do not adjust to our ideals we disapprove them in our daily living.